প্ৰজ্ঞা-An intuition

In PKB Ma’am’s class, she shared many PDFs of original books. That day, I had to speak on Mary Wollstonecraft. She appreciated me, saying, ‘You’ve read the article thoroughly—that’s great.

At 9 AM, we had our Research Methodology class with Polly ma’am (3rd semester). She discussed Qualitative research, longitudinal research, conceptual research, and empirical research.After class, Anuradha and I went to meet our guide. On 25th August evening, she had interviewed us on a specific topic related to her own research. That day, I shared my thoughts in my mother tongue. Yesterday, she appreciated it and said: “You speak very well.” “You must study and write well.” “The students of DR College must be really missing you.” “Your hair accessories look very pretty.” “You both are excellent.” Later, we spent time in the library searching for books related to our research topics. My crochet hair accessories added a little handmade touch to the day. With Alpana Ma’am – Different Meanings of the Word "Law" Decree holder’s view → Rights and remedies Judgment debtor’s view → Duties, liabilities, obligations Sources of law → Titles, written laws, judicial precedents, custom as ...

Re-write:What is Research? Research is a scientific, systematic, and logical process that begins with identifying a research gap and proceeds through appropriate methods and tools, forming a sound methodology. It is rigorous and relevant, carried out under control, and based on rational inquiry with critical evaluation. Research draws conclusions through inferential and structural analysis, aiming at the production and reproduction of knowledge. It produces new knowledge by ensuring validity, systematic inquiry, and logical reasoning. ●What is Social Science Research? Social Science Research is a scientific and systematic study undertaken to understand social reality and the social world. It aims to explore social problems and social issues by focusing on their different social aspects. The process begins with describing the content, then contextualizing it within society, and finally conceptualizing the findings in a meaningful framework. Through this approach, research seeks to probl...

 Classnotes-AB 1. Concept of Law – understanding of law 2. Salmond’s Definition – law is the body of principles 3. Axiom – a statement which is assumed to be true 4. Mens Rea – guilty mind or criminal intention 5. Privity of Contract – only parties to a contract have rights and duties 6. Presumption of Innocence – every accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty 7. Law is made of rules 8. Judges create law through interpretation 9. Definition by John Austin – law is the command of the sovereign backed by sanction 10. Definition by Salmond – law is a body of principles recognized and applied by the State 11. Definition by Blackstone – law is a rule of civil conduct prescribed by the supreme power 12. Standard of Law – provides a general standard of behavior, applied in classroom, society, courts, and daily life 13. Sources of Law –   a) Leges Posteriores – later laws override earlier ones   b) Judicial Decisions – courts interpret and create precedents   c) Judicial Practice /...

Poonam ma'am has opened a Google Classroom link and shared many materials with us for our Coursework Paper II and Paper III. Ma’am has shared the topics for our term papers as part of the Internal Assessment for Paper 3 (Part-2, Women's Movement). Please go through the guidelines carefully and let me know if you have any concerns. Submission Date: 12.12.2025 (Friday) Presentation Time: 20–25 minutes Topics & Presentation Schedule: ANURADHA (15.12.2025) What was the impact of the policies of the Post-Independence Developmental State on women's status? DIVYA (16.12.2025) Discuss the issues of wages, working conditions, and labor rights within the Indian Women's Movement. MRIGAKSHI (16.12.2025) Discuss the changes in the nature of the state–women's movement relationship in India before and after the 1990s. NILAKSHI (15.12.2025) Elaborate the manner in which the Socio-Religious Reform Movement of India led to the creation of the 'New Woman'. PAPORI (17.12.20...

📖 PhD Journey Log – 19/08/2025 🔹 Concept of the State within Feminism The state can be understood through force, coercion, and consent. From a feminist perspective, the modern state is seen not just as a nation-state, but as a structure that often reflects patriarchal power. 🔹 India as a Nation in the Making Nationalism has been described through two metaphors: Melting Pot Theory – merging identities into one. Salad Bowl Theory – retaining multiple identities within unity. This raises questions of gender identity and multicultural democracy. 🔹 Social Contract Theory and Patriarchal Contract Traditional Social Contract Theory is critiqued by feminists as a sexual contract that reinforces male dominance. Within patriarchy, women are bound by a patriarchal contract, subordinated to men. Feminist scholars like Carole Pateman argue that the so-called “universal” contract actually ensures the needs of men, not women. The feminist call is for gender justice and recognition of women’s spec...

📖 PhD Journey Log – 19/08/2025 Today, Polly Ma’am, along with the M.A. 3rd semester students, taught us about the aims and objectives of research. 1.Specific objectives of research include: 2.To determine the frequency of events or phenomena. 3.To test a hypothesis by examining causal relationships between different variables. 4.To move from experience and common sense towards broader generalizations. 🍃The Research Process (as explained in class) Common Sense → our initial knowledge, based on daily experiences. Generalizations → forming broad statements or assumptions from repeated experiences. Hypothesis → a tentative assumption or explanation that can be tested scientifically. Theory → a well-tested, systematic explanation that connects and organizes various hypotheses. 🔹 Examples of Causal Relationships Cause → Effect relationships are central in research. They may be positively related (both variables increase together) or negatively related (one increases, the other decreases)....

A PhD is not just about producing a thesis,it’s about transforming yourself into an independent researcher with disciplined habits. 📖 PhD Journey Log – 18/08/2025 Today, during class, Prof. Polly Ma’am gave us an assignment to be submitted the next day. She asked us to work on three important questions that form the foundation of our discipline: What is Research What is Social Science Research Write two definitions of Social Science Research and try to link those definitions with my own topic of interest . This task is not just about giving definitions but also about reflecting on how my personal research journey connects with broader ideas in the field . I feel this assignment will help me develop clarity on the meaning of research itself, strengthen my understanding of social science , and situate my own work within it.